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- Jens Nielsen Galen was a Knight (Ridder) in N?sbyholm manor (in G?rdsl?v parish, Vemmeh?j district) in Sk?ne. Died 1320. (DA? 1893/160).
N?SBYHOLM, bel?get approx 4 km v?ster if Skurup, lies on a height, surrounded of the meadows that once bildade N?sbyholmssj?ns bottom. Omr?det there Romele?sen in s?der s?nker himself down against sl?tten is vattenrikt and erbj?d in forna tider frodiga betesmarker. Here grew beneath middle ages fortify storg?rdar up, vars owner got himself riches through boskapsavel and oxhandel.
N?sbyholms original grundl?ggning is latent in historiens blackness. When g?rden initially n?mnes in written urkunder at first of 1300-talet, is the already a bef?st stormansg?rd, that dragit advantage of l?get out on ?n in N?sbyholmssj?n in order to ?stadkomma a for the the time effectively defence. Here residerade then knight of the in Sk?nes older history ryktbara sl?kten Galen, that led her origin from the mighty Hvide-?tten.
The f?rste felt ?garen is riddaren Jens Nielsen, that lived 1270-1325 and was fader to among others. ?rkebiskopen in Lund (1336 - 55) Peder Jensen Mad. Denne was sk?ningarnas leader at the appointment in Helsingborg 1332, there svenske kungen Magnus Eriksson (Smek) k?pte the german pantr?tten to Sk?ne and f?rh?llandet between Sk?ne and Sweden ordnades like a union between two sj?lvst?ndiga riken (Magnus became "king of Sweden and Sk?ne"). Jens Nielsens s?ner Jacob and Anders became gentlemen to Markie resp. N?sbyholm. On 1350-talet eftertr?ddes riddar Anders of sonen Tuve, that was the f?rste that firm antog sl?ktnamnet Mad. He was 1376 - 83 g?lkare (kungens predecessor) in Sk?ne and residerade on the n?rbel?gna bail Turestorps?, vars ruin exists on a little peninsula in Havg?rdssj?n. Through that claim sk?nska s?rintressen came he several times in lop-sided rack to kungamakten. Beneath kriget with german Hansan and Valdemar Atterdags bortovaro from Denmark had he connection with mecklenburgarna and he acted a betydande role when sk?ningarna 1381 sl?t separatfred with the svenske kungen Albrekt of Mecklenburg.
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The following is taken from an article written by Gilbert von Studnitz in "Der Blumenbaum", a publication of the Sacramento German Genealogy Society, Vol. 9, number 4, April-June 1992:
Ranks of German Lower Nobility: Very often a certain level of income, wealth, or social standing was necessary for appointment to these ranks, so as to demonstrate the ability of the person ennobled to maintain himself at a proper level.
The highest rank of the non-sovereign nobility is Herzog or Duke, a title almost never given them and then only "ad personam", or much like an English life peer. An example is Otto von Bismarck as Duke of Lauenburg. He was styled Serene Highness. The highest rank that normally was part of the lower nobility is F?rst. This title, like Duke, was given to them only in the last centuries of the monarchy. Their
children were rarely princes, but more usually counts or barons, depending on what was the original title of the F?rst.
Next in rank is Graf or Count, which in modern times could be given primogeniture (inherited only by the eldest son), but was usually given to all the children of the new count. A very few houses also carry the title Burggraf which is approximately equivalent to Count.
Baron follows, which is almost always called Freiherr in Germany, but given as Baron to the Germans of the Baltic regions. For many years it was in dispute whether Baron was equivalent to Freiherr (which was deemed "better"), but this was settled in the last century in an affirmative manner. The wife of a Freiherr is a Freifrau, the daughter a Freiherrin. This last title is sometimes abbreviated Freiin. The wife of a Baron is a Baronin, the daughter a Baronesse. Another variant of this rank is called Edler Herr, or Edle Herrin for females, which is borne by only a few very old families (such as the Gans zu Putlitz).
The last level is that of the untitled nobility, which nevertheless includes some titled families. Normally an untitled noble is addressed as Herr, in this context meaning Lord.
In former times untitled nobles, especially those from the eastern regions, were addressed as Junker, a title still in usage in the Netherlands as Jonkheer. It is no longer normally used in Germany. In Bavaria and especially Austria, the hereditary title of Ritter (Knight) was given to families, but they were still considered part of the untitled nobility. Much the same applies to the title of Edler, which is mainly northern and central German. While the wife and daughters of an Edler were titled Edle, the wife of a Ritter was called a Frau (in this sense Lady) and not Ritterin.
This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, 21 July 2015.
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1250 - 1320 (~ 70 år)
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